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KMID : 0384119930130010097
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Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology
1993 Volume.13 No. 1 p.97 ~ p.104
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Comparison of Cytochemical Stainings and Immunophenotyping in the Diagnosis of Acute Leukemia
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Abstract
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To evaluate the usefulness of combined cytochemical stains in the diagnosis of acute leukemia, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of cytochemical stainings through examining the blasts from 94 patients with newly diagnosed acute
leukemia
by
morphology, cytochemical stains and immunophenotypic markers between Septermber 1989 and July 1992. By cell surface marker study, 41 patients were classified into lymphoid leukemia 51 into myeloid and two into mixed. The PAS positivity was found
in
36
of 41 acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in 29 of 53 acute myeloblastic and the mixed lineage leukemia. However, PAS-positive lymphoblastic leukemias were negative in other cytochemical stains: myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B, α-naphthol
chloroacetate
esterase and α-naphthyl butyrate esterase. The PAS-positive myeloblastic leukemia were positive in at least one other stain except three cases. Thus, the sensitivity of combination of PAS positivity and MPO, SBB and ANBE negativity in diagnosis
of
lymphoblastic leukemia was 52%, same as PAS alone, however, the specificity was 94%, significantly higher than PAS alone, 53%. These results suggest that this combination of cytochemical stainings in useful for distinction of lymphoblastic from
myeloblastic leukemia. Eleven(12%) were negative for all cytochemical stainings though, immunophenotyping grouped 6 cases into myeloid lineage and the remaining 5 mto lymphoblastic. We could define the role of the immunophenotyping as a final
diagnostic
tool in cases with morphological and/or cytochemical ambiguity.
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KEYWORD
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